In Part Three, Garry Rodan looked at the issue of accountability in Singaporean politics, and instances in which it’s scrutinised.

In this final part, he examines the issue of political representation, and sums up his observations of the increased questioning of the ruling People’s Action Party’s ideology.

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Originally from Bradford, West Yorkshire in the north of England, Tom is currently based in Singapore where he works as a freelance photographer. His photography has been published and exhibited internationally. Editorial clients include The New York Times, The L.A. Times, The Wall Street Journal, TIME magazine, The Guardian U.K, Thompson Reuters and The European Press Photo Agency.

Garry Rodan is an Emeritus Professor of Murdoch University and an Honorary Professor of The University of Queensland. His most recent books are the sole-authored Participation without Democracy (2018) and the co-authored The Politics of Accountability in Southeast Asia (2014).